Appendix Measures Table Children | 2024 Health Of Women And Children Report

Executive Brief Introduction National SnapshotFindingsHealth Outcomes Social and Economic Factors Clinical Care Behaviors State RankingsAppendixMeasures Table – Women Measures Table – Children Data Source Descriptions MethodologyState Summaries

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2024 Health of Women and Children Report 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – Executive Brief 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – State Summaries 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – Concentrated Disadvantage County-Level Maps 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – Measures Table 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – Infographics 2024 Health of Women and Children Report – Report Data (All States)

Social and Economic Factors - Children
Community and Family Safety
Child Victimization*
Number of children who were victims of substantiated or indicated maltreatment per 1,000 children.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Children’s Bureau, Child Maltreatment Report Series, 2022
Firearm Deaths*
Number of deaths due to firearm injury of any intent (unintentional, suicide, homicide or undetermined) per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2020-2022
Injury Deaths
Number of deaths due to injury per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2020-2022
Economic Resources
Children in Poverty
Percentage of children younger than 18 years who live in households below the poverty threshold.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2022
Children in Poverty Racial Disparity
Ratio of the childhood poverty rate of the racial/ethnic group with the highest rate (varies by state) to the non-Hispanic white rate.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2018-2022
Food Sufficiency
Percentage of children ages 0-17 whose household could always afford to eat good nutritious meals in the past 12 months.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Students Experiencing Homelessness
Percentage of public school students who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Homeless Education, Federal Data Summary, 2021-2022 School Year
WIC Coverage
Percentage of children ages 0-4 eligible for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) who received WIC benefits in an average month.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, WIC Eligibility and Coverage Report Series, 2021
Education
Early Childhood Education
Percentage of children ages 3-4 who are enrolled in nursery school, preschool or kindergarten.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2022
Fourth Grade Reading Proficiency†
Percentage of fourth grade public school students who scored proficient or above on the National Assessment of Educational Progress in reading comprehension.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, 2022
High School Completion
Percentage of adults age 25 and older with at least a high school diploma or equivalent.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2022
High School Graduation*
Percentage of high school students graduating with a regular high school diploma within four years of starting ninth grade.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data, 2021-2022 School Year
Social Support and Engagement
Adult Mentor*
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who have at least one adult in their school, neighborhood or community who knows them well and whom they can rely on for advice or guidance.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Adverse Childhood Experiences^
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who have ever experienced two or more of the following: parental divorce or separation; household with an alcohol or drug problem; neighborhood violence victim or witness; household with mental illness; domestic violence witness; parent served jail time; treated or judged unfairly due to race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, or a health condition or disability; or death of a parent.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Foster Care Instability†
Percentage of children in foster care with three or more placements within 12 months.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Children's Bureau, Child Welfare Outcomes Report Series, 2021
High-Speed Internet
Percentage of households with children under age 18 that have a broadband internet subscription and a computer, smartphone or tablet.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2022
Neighborhood Amenities
Percentage of children ages 0-17 with access to all of the following: a park or playground; a recreation center, community center or boys' and girls' club; a library or bookmobile; and sidewalks or walking paths. 
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Reading, Singing or Storytelling*
Percentage of children ages 0-5 whose family members read, sang or told stories to them every day during the past week.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Clinical Care - Children
Access to Care
ADD/ADHD Treatment
Percentage of children ages 3-17 who currently have ADD or ADHD and are taking medication and have received behavioral treatment.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Mental Health Treatment*
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who receive needed mental health treatment or counseling.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Pediatricians
Number of pediatricians per 100,000 children ages 0-21.
U.S. HHS, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, National Plan and Provider Enumeration System, September 2023
Uninsured Children
Percentage of children younger than 19 years not covered by private or public health insurance.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2022
Preventive Clinical Services
Childhood Immunizations
Percentage of children who received by age 24 months all recommended doses of the combined seven-vaccine series: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine; measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine; poliovirus vaccine; Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine; hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine; varicella vaccine; and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).
CDC, National Immunization Survey-Child, 2019-2020 Birth Cohort
HPV Vaccination
Percentage of adolescents ages 13-17 who received all recommended doses of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.
CDC, National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2022
Preventive Dental Visit
Percentage of children ages 1-17 who had one or more preventive dental care visits during the past 12 months.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Well-Child Visit
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who received one or more preventive health care visits in the past 12 months.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Quality of Care
Adequate Insurance
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who were continuously insured in the past year with adequate coverage based on the following criteria: benefits meet the child's needs; insurance allows the child to see needed providers; and insurance either has no or reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Developmental Screening
Percentage of children ages 9-35 months whose parent completed a standardized developmental screening tool in the past 12 months.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Medical Home^
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who received coordinated, ongoing and comprehensive care within a medical home that served as a consistent, non-emergency source of care and where they had a personal doctor or nurse and access to family-centered care, referrals when needed, and effective care coordination.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Behaviors - Children
Nutrition and Physical Activity
Breastfed
Percentage of infants exclusively breastfed for six months.
CDC, National Immunization Survey-Child, 2020
Physical Activity
Percentage of children ages 6-17 who were physically active at least 60 minutes every day in the past week. 
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Soda Consumption*†
Percentage of high school students who reported drinking a can, bottle or glass of soda or pop two or more times per day in the past week.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Sexual Health
Dual Contraceptive Nonuse*†
Percentage of sexually active high school students who reported not using both: a condom during last sexual intercourse; and either birth control pills, an intrauterine device or implant, or a shot, patch or birth control ring before last sexual intercourse.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Teen Births
Births per 1,000 females ages 15-19.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2022
Sleep Health
Adequate Sleep
Percentage of children ages 4 months to 17 years who sleep recommended age-appropriate hours on most weeknights.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Sleep Position*
Percentage of women with a recent live birth who reported their infants are usually placed on their backs to sleep.
CDC, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System or state equivalent, 2022
Smoking and Tobacco Use
Electronic Vapor Product Use*†
Percentage of high school students who reported using an electronic vapor product in the past 30 days.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Tobacco Use
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported using a tobacco product (cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, or pipe tobacco) in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021-2022
Health Outcomes - Children
Behavioral Health
Alcohol Use
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported drinking alcohol in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021-2022
Flourishing^
Percentage of children ages 6 months to 5 years who show affection, resilience, interest and curiosity in learning, as well as smile and laugh a lot; and children ages 6-17 who show self-regulation, interest and curiosity in learning, as well as work to finish tasks.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Illicit Drug Use
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported using illicit drugs, including marijuana, in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021-2022
Mental Health Conditions^ 
Percentage of children ages 3-17 told by a health care provider they currently have ADHD, depression, or anxiety problems; or told by a doctor or educator they have behavior or conduct problems.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Teen Suicide*
Number of deaths by suicide per 100,000 adolescents ages 15-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2020-2022
Mortality
Child Mortality
Number of deaths per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2020-2022
Infant Mortality
Number of infant deaths (before age 1) per 1,000 live births.
CDC WONDER, Linked Birth/Infant Death Files, 2021-2022
Neonatal Mortality*
Number of deaths during first 28 days of life (0-27 days) per 1,000 live births.
CDC WONDER, Linked Birth/Infant Death Files, 2021-2022
Physical Health
Asthma
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who currently have asthma.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Congenital Syphilis*
Number of new congenital syphilis cases per 100,000 live births.
CDC, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Atlas, 2022
High Health Status*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 whose health is very good or excellent.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Low Birth Weight
Percentage of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces) at birth.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2022
Low Birth Weight Racial Disparity
Ratio of the low birth weight rate of the racial/ethnic group with the highest rate (varies by state) to the non-Hispanic white rate.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2020-2022
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome*
Number of birth hospitalizations with a diagnosis code of neonatal abstinence syndrome (withdrawal symptoms due to prenatal exposure to illicit drugs) per 1,000 birth hospitalizations.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, Federally Available Data, 2021
Overweight or Obesity
Percentage of children ages 10-17 who have overweight or obesity for their age based on reported height and weight.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Demographics
Children with Special Health Care Needs*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 with special health care needs.
U.S. HHS, HRSA MCHB, National Survey of Children's Health, 2022-2023
Population - Age <1*
Percentage of population under age 1.
CDC WONDER, Single-Race Population Estimates, 2022
Population - Age <18*
Percentage of population younger than age 18.
CDC WONDER, Single-Race Population Estimates, 2022

* Additional measure, excluded from the calculation of overall or category summation measures.
† Data in this edition were repeated from the last edition.
^ Data for each of the components are available in the Explore Data section.

Measures Table – Children

Social and Economic Factors - Children

Community and Family Safety

Economic Resources

Education

Social Support and Engagement

Clinical Care - Children

Access to Care

Preventive Clinical Services

Quality of Care

Behaviors - Children

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Sexual Health

Sleep Health

Smoking and Tobacco Use

Health Outcomes - Children

Behavioral Health

Mortality

Physical Health

Demographics

Reports

Explore Data

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