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Executive BriefIntroductionNational HighlightsFindingsHealth OutcomesSocial and Economic FactorsClinical CareBehaviorsState RankingsAppendixMeasures Table – WomenMeasures Table – ChildrenData Source DescriptionsMethodologyState Summaries
US Summary
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
US SummaryAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingSOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS - Children
Community and Family Safety
Child Victimization†
Number of children who were victims of substantiated or indicated maltreatment per 1,000 children.
U.S. HHS, Children’s Bureau, Child Maltreatment Report Series, 2021
Firearm Deaths†
Number of deaths due to firearm injury of any intent (unintentional, suicide, homicide or undetermined) per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2019-2021
Injury Deaths
Number of deaths due to injury per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2019-2021
Economic Resources
Children in Poverty
Percentage of children younger than 18 years who live in households below the poverty threshold.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2021
Children in Poverty Racial Disparity
Ratio of the childhood poverty rate of the racial/ethnic group with the highest rate (varies by state) to the non-Hispanic white rate.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2017-2021
High-Speed Internet
Percentage of households with children under age 18 that have a broadband internet subscription and a computer, smartphone or tablet.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2021
Students Experiencing Homelessness
Percentage of public school students who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Homeless Education, Federal Data Summary, 2021
WIC Coverage
Percentage of children ages 0-4 eligible for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) who received WIC benefits in an average month.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, WIC Eligibility and Coverage Report Series, 2020
Education
Early Childhood Education
Percentage of children ages 3-4 who are enrolled in nursery school, preschool or kindergarten.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2021
Fourth Grade Reading Proficiency
Percentage of fourth grade public school students who scored proficient or above on the National Assessment of Educational Progress in reading comprehension.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, 2022
High School Completion
Percentage of adults ages 25 and older with at least a high school diploma or equivalent.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2021
High School Graduation†
Percentage of high school students graduating with a regular high school diploma within four years of starting ninth grade.
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data, 2019-2020 School Year
Social Support and Engagement
Adverse Childhood Experiences*^
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who have ever experienced two or more of the following: parental divorce or separation; living with someone who had an alcohol or drug problem; neighborhood violence victim or witness; living with someone who was mentally ill, suicidal or severely depressed; domestic violence witness; parent served jail time; being treated or judged unfairly due to race/ethnicity; or death of a parent (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Foster Care Instability
Percentage of children in foster care with three or more placements within 12 months.
U.S. HHS, Children's Bureau, Child Welfare Outcomes Report Series, 2021
Neighborhood Amenities*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 with access to all of the following: a park or playground; a recreation center, community center or boys' and girls' club; a library or bookmobile; and sidewalks or walking paths (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Reading, Singing or Storytelling
Percentage of children ages 0-5 whose family members read, sang or told stories to them every day during the past week (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
CLINICAL CARE - Children
Access to Care
ADD/ADHD Treatment*^
Percentage of children ages 3-17 who currently have ADD or ADHD and are taking medication and have received behavioral treatment (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Pediatricians
Number of pediatricians per 100,000 children ages 0-21.
U.S. HHS, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, National Plan and Provider Enumeration System, September 2022
Uninsured Children
Percentage of children younger than 19 years not covered by private or public health insurance.
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2021
Preventive Clinical Services
Childhood Immunizations
Percentage of children who received by age 24 months all recommended doses of the combined seven-vaccine series: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine; measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine; poliovirus vaccine; Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine; hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine; varicella vaccine; and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).
CDC, National Immunization Survey — Child, 2017-2018 Birth Cohort
HPV Vaccination
Percentage of adolescents ages 13-17 who received all recommended doses of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.
CDC, National Immunization Survey — Teen, 2021
Preventive Dental Care*
Percentage of children ages 1-17 who had one or more preventive dental care visits during the past 12 months (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Well-Child Visit*^
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who received one or more preventive visits in the past 12 months (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Quality of Care
Adequate Insurance*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who were continuously insured in the past year with adequate coverage based on the following criteria: benefits meet the child’s needs; insurance allows the child to see needed providers; and insurance either has no or reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Developmental Screening*
Percentage of children ages 9-35 months whose parent completed a standardized developmental screening tool in the past 12 months (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Medical Home*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 who received coordinated, ongoing and comprehensive care within a medical home that served as a consistent, non-emergency source of care and where they had a personal doctor or nurse and access to family-centered care, referrals when needed, and effective care coordination.
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
BEHAVIORS - Children
Nutrition and Physical Exercise
Breastfed*
Percentage of infants exclusively breastfed for six months.
CDC, National Immunization Survey — Child, 2019 Birth Cohort
Food Sufficiency*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 whose household could always afford to eat good nutritious meals in the past 12 months (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Physical Activity*
Percentage of children ages 6-17 who were physically active at least 60 minutes every day in the past week (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Soda Consumption - Youth†
Percentage of high school students who reported drinking a can, bottle or glass of soda or pop two or more times per day in the past week.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Sexual Health
Dual Contraceptive Nonuse - Youth†
Percentage of sexually active high school students who reported not using both: a condom during last sexual intercourse; and either birth control pills, an intrauterine device or implant, or a shot, patch or birth control ring before last sexual intercourse.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Teen Births
Births per 1,000 females ages 15-19.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2021
Sleep Health
Adequate Sleep*
Percentage of children ages 6-17 who sleep recommended age-appropriate hours on most weeknights (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Sleep Position†
Percentage of women with a recent live birth who reported their infants are usually placed on their backs to sleep.
CDC, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System or state equivalent, 2021
Smoking and Tobacco Use
Electronic Vapor Product Use - Youth†
Percentage of high school students who reported using an electronic vapor product in the past 30 days.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 2021
Tobacco Use - Youth*
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported using a tobacco product in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018-2019.
HEALTH OUTCOMES - Children
Behavioral Health
Alcohol Use - Youth*
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported drinking alcohol in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018-2019
Anxiety*
Percentage of children ages 3-17 who currently have anxiety problems (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Depression*
Percentage of children ages 3-17 who currently have depression (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Flourishing*^
Percentage of children ages 6 months to 5 years who show affection, resilience, interest and curiosity in learning, as well as smile and laugh a lot; and children ages 6-17 who show self-regulation, interest and curiosity in learning, as well as work to finish tasks (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Illicit Drug Use - Youth*
Percentage of children ages 12-17 who reported using illicit drugs, including marijuana, in the past month.
U.S. HHS, SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018-2019
Teen Suicide†
Number of deaths by suicide per 100,000 adolescents ages 15-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2019-2021
Mortality
Child Mortality
Number of deaths per 100,000 children ages 1-19.
CDC WONDER, Multiple Cause of Death Files, 2019-2021
Infant Mortality
Number of infant deaths (before age 1) per 1,000 live births.
CDC WONDER, Linked Birth/Infant Death Files, 2019-2020
Neonatal Mortality†
Number of deaths during first 28 days of life (0-27 days) per 1,000 live births.
CDC WONDER, Linked Birth/Infant Death Files, 2019-2020
Physical Health
Asthma*
Percentage of children ages 0 -17 who currently have asthma (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
High Health Status†*
Percentage of children ages 0-17 whose health is very good or excellent (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Low Birth Weight
Percentage of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces) at birth.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2021
Low Birth Weight Racial Disparity
Ratio of the low birth weight rate of the racial/ethnic group with the highest rate (varies by state) to the non-Hispanic white rate.
CDC WONDER, Natality Public Use Files, 2019-2021
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome†
Number of birth hospitalizations with a diagnosis code of neonatal abstinence syndrome (withdrawal symptoms due to prenatal exposure to illicit drugs) per 1,000 birth hospitalizations.
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, Federally Available Data, 2020
Overweight or Obesity - Youth*
Percentage of children ages 10-17 who have overweight or obesity for their age based on reported height and weight (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
DEMOGRAPHICS - Children
Children with Special Health Care Needs†
Percentage of children ages 0-17 with special health care needs (2-year estimate).
U.S. HHS, HRSA, MCHB, National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020-2021
Population - Infants Age <1†
Percentage of population under age 1.
CDC WONDER, Single-Race Population Estimates, 2021
Population - Children Ages <18†
Percentage of population younger than age 18.
CDC WONDER, Single-Race Population Estimates, 2021
† Additional measure, not included in the calculation of overall, model category or topic summation measures.
* Data in this edition were repeated from the last edition.
^ Data for each of the components are available in the Explore Data section
Acronyms
AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
HHS United States Department of Health and Human Services
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
HRSA Health Resources and Services Administration
MCHB Maternal and Child Health Bureau
PUMS Public Use Microdata Sample
SAMHSA Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
STD Sexually transmitted disease
TB Tuberculosis WIC Women and Children
WONDER Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research