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United StatesAppendixMeasures TableData Source DescriptionsThe Team
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingUnited StatesAppendixMeasures TableData Source DescriptionsThe TeamBehaviors
Insufficient Sleep
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported sleeping, on average, fewer than seven hours in a 24-hour period.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Physical Activity and Nutrition
Weighted sum of the z-scores for exercise, physical inactivity, fruit consumption and vegetable consumption.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Exercise
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who met the federal physical activity guidelines in the past 30 days.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2017
Physical Inactivity
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older in fair or better health who reported doing no physical activity or exercise other than their regular job in the past 30 days.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Fruit Consumption
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported eating two or more fruits daily.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2017
Vegetable Consumption
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported eating three or more vegetables daily.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2017
Substance Use
Weighted sum of the z-scores for excessive drinking and smoking.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Excessive Drinking
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported binge drinking (four or more [females] or five or more [males] drinks on one occasion in the past 30 days) or chronic drinking (eight or more [females] or 15 or more [males] drinks per week).
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Smoking
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported smoking at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and currently smoke daily or some days.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Social & Economic Factors
Household Economics
Weighted sum of the z-scores for food insecurity, poverty and SNAP reach.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Food Insecurity
Percentage of adults ages 60 and older who faced the threat of hunger in the past 12 months.
The State of Senior Hunger in America, 2017
Poverty
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who live below the poverty level.
American Community Survey, 2018
SNAP Reach
Number of adults ages 60 and older who participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) per 100 adults ages 60 and older living in poverty.
Characteristics of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Households report Denominator: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2018
Social Support and Engagement
Weighted sum of the z-scores for community support expenditure, low-care nursing home residents, risk of social isolation, volunteerism and voter turnout.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Community Support Expenditure
Dollars captured by the Administration on Aging per adult ages 60 and older.
Administration for Community Living, State Program Reports Denominator: CDC WONDER Single Race Population Estimates 2010-2018. 2018
Low-care Nursing Home Residents
Percentage of nursing home residents who do not require physical assistance for bed mobility, transferring, using the toilet and eating.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Risk of Social Isolation
Percentile of the mean z-scores for the following risk factors in adults ages 65 and older: poverty; living alone; divorced, separated or widowed; never married; disability; and independent living difficulty.
American Community Survey, 2014-2018
Volunteerism
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported volunteering in the past 12 months.
Corporation for National & Community Service, 2017
Voter Turnout
Percentage of U.S. citizens ages 65 and older who voted in the last biennial national election.
Current Population Survey, Voter Registration, 2018
Violent Crime
Number of murders, rapes, robberies and aggravated assaults per 100,000 population.
Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2018
Physical Environment
Air and Water Quality
Weighted sum of the z-scores for air pollution, non-smoking regulation and drinking water violations.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Air Pollution
Average exposure of the general public to particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Denominator: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018, 2016-2018
Non-Smoking Regulation
Percentage of population covered by 100% smokefree laws for non-hospitality workplaces, restaurants and bars.
American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation, 2020
Drinking Water Violations
Percentage of population served by community water systems with a serious drinking water violation during the year.
Enforcement and Compliance History Online, Safe Drinking Water Information System, 2019
Severe Housing Problems
Percentage of occupied housing units with at least one of the following problems: lack of complete kitchen facilities, lack of plumbing facilities, overcrowding or severely cost-burdened occupants.
Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, 2012-2016
Clinical Care
Access to Care
Weighted sum of the z-scores for avoided care due to cost, dedicated health care provider, geriatricians and home health care workers.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Avoided Care Due to Cost
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported a time in the past 12 months when they needed to visit a doctor but could not because of cost.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Dedicated Health Care Provider
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported having one or more people they think of as their personal doctor or health care provider.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Geriatricians
Number of family medicine and internal medicine geriatricians per 100,000 population ages 65 and older.
National Plan and Provider Enumeration System, Sept. 2019 Denominator: CDC WONDER Single Race Population Estimates 2010-2018, 2018
Home Health Care Workers
Number of personal care and home health aides per 1,000 adults ages 65 and older with a disability.
Bureau of Labor Statistics Denominator: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2018
Preventive Clinical Services
Weighted sum of the z-scores for cancer screenings, flu vaccination, pneumonia vaccination and shingles vaccination.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Cancer Screenings
Percentage of women ages 65-74 who reported receiving a mammogram in the past two years and the percentage of adults ages 65-75 who reported receiving colorectal cancer screening within the recommended time period.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Immunizations
Weighted sum of the z-scores for flu vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination and shingles vaccination.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Flu Vaccination
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported receiving a seasonal flu vaccine in the past 12 months.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Pneumonia Vaccination
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported receiving the pneumonia vaccine.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Shingles Vaccination
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported receiving the shingles vaccine.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2017
Quality of Care
Weighted sum of the z-scores for hospice care, hospital readmissions, nursing home quality and preventable hospitalizations.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Hospice Care
Percentage of Medicare decedents who were in hospice at the time of death.
National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, NHPCO Facts and Figures, 2017
Hospital Readmissions
Percentage of Medicare enrollees ages 65-74 readmitted within 30 days of hospital discharge.
Office of Minority Health's Mapping Medicare Disparities (MMD) Tool, 2017
Nursing Home Quality
Percentage of certified nursing home beds rated four- or five-stars over a three-month period.
Nursing Home Compare, December 2018 to February 2019
Preventable Hospitalizations
Discharges following hospitalization for diabetes with short- or long-term complications, uncontrolled diabetes without complications, diabetes with lower extremity amputation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, angina without a procedure, asthma, hypertension, heart failure, dehydration, bacterial pneumonia or urinary tract infection per 100,000 Medicare enrollees ages 65-74.
Office of Minority Health's Mapping Medicare Disparities (MMD) Tool, 2017
Health Outcomes
Health Status
Weighted sum of the z-scores for able-bodied, frequent mental distress, frequent physical distress and high health status.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Able-Bodied
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older with no cognitive, visual, auditory, ambulatory, self-care and/or independent-living difficulty disabilities.
American Community Survey, 2018
Cognitive Difficulty*
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported having physical, mental or emotional problems or difficulty remembering, concentrating or making decisions.
American Community Survey, 2018
Frequent Mental Distress
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported their mental health was not good 14 or more days in the past 30 days.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Frequent Physical Distress
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported their physical health was not good 14 or more days in the past 30 days.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
High Health Status
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported their health is very good or excellent.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Injury and Illness
Weighted sum of the z-scores for falls, multiple chronic conditions, obesity and teeth extractions.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Falls
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported falling in the past 12 months.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Multiple Chronic Conditions
Percentage of Medicare enrollees ages 65 and older with four or more of 21 chronic conditions.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2017
Obesity
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older with a body mass index of 30.0 or higher based on reported height and weight.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Teeth Extractions
Percentage of adults ages 65 and older who reported having all teeth removed due to decay or gum disease.
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018
Mortality
Weighted sum of the z-scores for early death and suicide.
America's Health Rankings composite measure, 2020
Early Death
Deaths per 100,000 adults ages 65-74.
CDC WONDER Mortality data, 2018
Drug Deaths*
Deaths due to drug injury (unintentional, suicide, homicide or undetermined) per 100,000 adults ages 65-74.
CDC WONDER Mortality data, 2016-2018
Suicide
Deaths due to intentional self-harm per 100,000 adults ages 65 and older.
CDC WONDER Mortality data, 2016-2018
*Supplemental measure.